Togo, a small West African nation, is currently in the spotlight due to its parliamentary election. With 4.2 million eligible voters heading to the polls, tensions are high as the country grapples with constitutional changes that could significantly impact its political landscape. President Faure Gnassingbe, who has been in power since 2005, is at the center of attention as new amendments alter the way presidents are elected and potentially extend his rule.
Recently, lawmakers in Togo’s parliament approved changes to the constitution. These changes have sparked fierce outcry from opposition politicians and civil society groups, who view them as a constitutional coup.
The new amendments mean that the president will no longer be elected by popular vote. Instead, members of parliament will choose the president. Furthermore, the role of the president will become largely ceremonial, limited to a single four-year term. In contrast, an all-powerful prime minister, appointed by the president for a six-year term, will wield significant influence.
President Gnassingbe, constitutionally limited to just one more presidential term, appears to be angling for the newly created prime minister role. By ensuring that parliament alone can appoint the president, a loyalist could establish a rival power base. Togo’s stability is crucial for regional trade. As a maritime gateway to inland West African countries, any unrest in Togo could disrupt trade flows across the region.
Critics argue that the constitutional changes undermine democratic principles. While proponents highlight a stronger legislature, the move away from direct presidential elections raises questions about accountability and transparency. President Gnassingbe’s family has ruled Togo for decades. His father, Gnassingbe Eyadema, held power for almost four decades. The proposed reforms could extend the family’s grip on the presidency.
As Togolese voters head to the polls, the outcome remains uncertain. Opposition parties have mobilized against what they perceive as an “institutional coup.” They seek to challenge the ruling UNIR party’s dominance and advocate for a stronger parliamentary system.
President Gnassingbe’s legacy hangs in the balance. His development programs, including infrastructure improvements, have supporters. However, critics worry about the concentration of power and the erosion of democratic norms.